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The Free State Bottleneck ((ドイツ語:Freistaat Flaschenhals)) was a short-lived quasi-state that existed from 10 January 1919 until 25 February 1923. It was formed out of part of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau as a consequence of the occupation of the Rhineland following World War I. The Bottleneck is now part of the modern German states of Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate. ==Creation== Following the Armistice of 1918, Allied forces occupied the German territory west of the Rhine. To maintain a military presence on the eastern side, the Allied powers extended their zones of occupation by creating three semi-circular bridgeheads of 30 km radius, radiating from Cologne (British zone), Koblenz (American zone), and Mainz (French zone). Because of an error in measurement, the French and American zones did not meet. The resulting gap on the eastern side of the Rhine contained the Wisper valley, the towns of Lorch and Kaub, and villages of Lorchhausen, Sauerthal, Ransel, Wollmerschied, Welterod, Zorn, Strüth and Egenrod. Surrounded by the two Allied bridgeheads, the Taunus range to the north-east, and the Rhine to the south-west, this tiny region was effectively cut off from the rest of Germany and subsequently separated from the administration of the Weimar Republic. Owing to the circular nature of the Allied bridgeheads, this enclosed territory took on the shape of a bottleneck, hence the name that was given to the microstate, when it was declared on 10 January 1919. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Free State Bottleneck」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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